LK-99
LK-99 was presented as an ambient-pressure superconductor in an April 2023 Korean-journal article and two July preprints with different author sets.
LK-99 was presented as an ambient-pressure superconductor in an April 2023 Korean-journal article and two July preprints with different author sets. The April abstract claimed a critical temperature above 97 °C; the original paper’s body and later preprints carried other temperature formulations. The journal article received two separate corrections, including an August replacement of a measurement figure. Independent researchers then tested material they had prepared and reported results that differed from the original superconductivity claims.
Guo and colleagues attributed half levitation in their synthetic samples to ferromagnetism and fragment shape. Zhu and colleagues linked a resistance anomaly in Cu₂S-containing specimens to a structural transition. Puphal’s retained preprints described highly insulating phase-pure single crystals. These findings concern different observations in specified samples; they are not direct measurements of the developers’ specimens. Their dates also matter: Guo’s journal abstract was available by 16 August 2023, while later versions, corrections and reports belong to the subsequent record.
Scope
The material Pb₁₀₋ₓCuₓ(PO₄)₆O (0.9 < x < 1.1), named LK-99 by its developers, as the subject of an ambient-pressure superconductivity claim. The selected reading compares the April 2023 Korean-journal article and its two corrections, the two July preprints and their selected versions, independent half-levitation and transport studies, independently grown single crystals, and the December committee-report candidate at its unresolved-origin scope.
The principal question is what each named record claims or measures in its specified specimens. The April abstract's above-97 °C wording, the body's 400 K discussion, and the selected July preprints' temperature formulations remain separate attributed passages. An independent preparation can inform the general material claim without directly measuring a developer's specimen.
The full original inventory remains available, including research pointers about news coverage, other groups, theoretical work and the later PCPOSOS claim. Unretained pointers do not become verified passages by appearing here. This candidate's proposed lead excludes them and the origin-unresolved committee candidate. It is neither an exhaustive literature review through November 2026 nor an adjudication of every possible material or successor claim.
Key distinctions
- "The LK-99 paper" is at least three documents. A Korean-journal article (April 2023, six authors, later corrected twice), a three-author arXiv preprint (2307.12008, one version) and a six-author arXiv preprint (2307.12037, revised). They differ in author set, content and status. A statement about "the paper" must say which.
- Posting a preprint is not peer-reviewed journal publication. Both arXiv submissions are unrefereed postings. The one refereed article in the developers' own record is the Korean-journal paper, whose authors later published an erratum and a corrigendum, the second replacing a figure of the four-probe measurement. Independent studies that began as preprints later appeared in journals (LK-S06, LK-S07, LK-S08, LK-S18); a historical reading selects the publication state at its date.
- A version is not the paper. arXiv:2307.12037 was revised after upload; a citation without a version number does not identify the bytes read.
- A news item and a research paper have different roles. The original inventory classifies LK-S09 as Nature news dated 16 August 2023, not a research paper; its body was not retained in this pull. The retained independent-study evidence used here is identified directly in LK-S06–S08. Guo’s publisher metadata dates its journal version to 15 August.
- A replication result, a refutation claim and a proposed mechanism have different scopes. Replication reports concern particular samples made by particular routes. The single-crystal study reports no superconductivity in its phase-pure crystals and discusses impurity explanations; it does not directly measure the developers' specimens (LK-S08). The downloaded December white-paper candidate describes the committee's own unsuccessful requests for those specimens (LK-S11; publisher origin unresolved). Different specimens limit a study's direct reach but do not make converging negative measurements and alternative explanations irrelevant to the general claim. A claim of refutation must state the proposition and basis, rather than treating the words as interchangeable.
- "Half levitation" does not by itself establish the Meissner effect. Guo and colleagues reproduced half levitation in small fragments and attributed it to soft ferromagnetism and shape anisotropy (LK-S06). That measured alternative explains why the observed movement alone does not establish superconductivity.
- The resistivity drop near 385 K is a Cu₂S transition in the measured samples, not a superconducting transition. That is the attributed finding of the retained Beijing IOP work; it concerns samples containing Cu₂S, not a hypothetical pure phase. The unretained news representation is not needed as its measurement basis.
- The committee's evidential conclusion is not a finding of fraud. The downloaded white-paper candidate has now been read. It records a strong negative conclusion from the original data and replication studies, alongside the committee's inability to obtain developers' specimens for cross-measurement (LK-S11, physical pp. 3–4, 101, 104). Its publisher origin remains unresolved. Those passages do not establish deceptive intent, and committee non-access is not a worldwide finding that nobody else received samples.
- PCPOSOS remains a separately qualified research pointer. The prior inventory describes a sulfur-containing nominal composition and a citation to the LK-99 preprint under LK-S12. The APS request returned 403, and the related press representations were not retained. This candidate neither treats that pointer as independent confirmation of LK-99 nor newly verifies its composition, authorship or presentation details.
- A theory result is not automatically experimental confirmation. The original inventory preserves theoretical-work pointers under LK-S15 and related reporting under LK-S09. Their unretained representations are excluded from this candidate’s affirmative lead and qualified measurement claims; no new abstract or structural-result verification is asserted.
Questions and evidence limits
- C1 — Original claims and correction chronology(provisional claim analysis)
- C2 — Independently grown phase-pure crystals(provisional claim analysis)
- C3 — Committee-report candidate and specimen access(provisional claim analysis)
- C4 — Two observations and two explanations(provisional claim analysis)
- C5 — What a compressed verdict leaves out(provisional claim analysis)
Analysis
The original papers, corrections and independent studies answer different questions. The original authors' reports establish what was claimed in named documents. Guo's publisher abstract concerns half levitation in the investigators' synthetic samples; Zhu's retained preprint and proof concern a resistance change in Cu₂S-containing specimens. Puphal's retained preprints concern independently grown phase-pure crystals. The last three are evidence bearing on reproducibility and properties of the claimed material, with limits determined by their sample preparation and measurement scope.
An observed movement near a magnet is not automatically a Meissner-effect measurement, and a large resistance drop is not automatically zero resistivity. Guo's ferromagnetic/shape explanation and Zhu's structural-transition explanation concern different observations. Keeping them separate makes the negative findings intelligible without implying that one impurity explanation resolves every reported feature of LK-99.
The chronology is equally important. Peer review does not erase subsequent corrections, and a later journal edition is not an additional independent replication. The origin-unresolved committee PDF can be read as a candidate document while its publisher identity remains unverified; its account of the committee's own failed specimen requests is not a worldwide sample-access census. The selected record supports a bounded explanation of claims, tests and limits, without an undated verdict or a finding of fraud.
Questions in the research record
- C-1 — Original claim vs refereed negative finding
- C-2 — "Replicated" levitation vs "no superconductivity"
- C-3 — Resistance drop vs transition
- C-4 — Three authors vs six authors
- C-5 — Refereed vs corrected
- C-6 — "Nature paper" vs Nature news
- C-7 — Committee "no evidence" vs public "debunked"
- C-8 — LK-99 vs PCPOSOS
- C-9 — Theory vs confirmation
- C-10 — Two mechanisms for two observations
- C-11 — Two reports, one laboratory
- C-12 — Two stated bounds in the developers' own record
Why not?
Research account dated 2026-11-06. Descriptions of current or pending states refer to the recorded research date.
BEST "WHY NOT?" SPECIMEN
Popular formulation
"A Nature paper proved LK-99 isn't a superconductor."
Why not
The original inventory classifies the 16 August Nature item as a news feature (LK-S09), but its body is not retained in this pull. This candidate therefore does not certify a Nature passage. The physical results can instead be attributed directly to the retained LK-S08 preprints and LK-S06 publisher abstract, keeping their own samples, methods and dates. A journal’s news item is not interchangeable with a research paper or a collective finding by every researcher.
So: a news article in Nature does not equal a Nature research paper and reporting a conclusion does not equal establishing it.
Reopening condition
State a physical proposition and cite the study that actually measured it. The single-crystal result belongs to LK-S08's specimens and selected edition; the December synthesis belongs to LK-S11, with candidate-origin uncertainty retained until resolved. Neither source makes the August Nature news article a research paper. Any as-of-16-August comparison uses the versions available on that date.
Origin of this passage
Research dossier · E. BEST "WHY NOT?" SPECIMEN · lines 753–772
Artifact SHA-256: e0e50ccf500cb4b1c402ee1fbe5eee15b57daf407266b2e01534ec820a8f31cc
Attributed research text; this locator does not establish source support or standing.
SECOND "WHY NOT?" — REPLICATION LOGIC
Popular formulation
"Other labs reproduced the levitation, so the superconductivity was confirmed."
Why not
Levitation of a small fragment over a magnet is not the Meissner effect unless ferromagnetism is excluded. The Peking University group reproduced half levitation and measured it as ferromagnetic, with no superconducting signature in resistance (LK-S06). Reproduction of a behavior is not reproduction of its claimed cause.
Counterpedia reveal The page can show the same observation (half levitation) under two recorded interpretations with their measurements, without choosing a slogan.
Origin of this passage
Research dossier · F. SECOND "WHY NOT?" — REPLICATION LOGIC · lines 778–787
Artifact SHA-256: e0e50ccf500cb4b1c402ee1fbe5eee15b57daf407266b2e01534ec820a8f31cc
Attributed research text; this locator does not establish source support or standing.
THIRD "WHY NOT?" — COMMITTEE SCOPE
Popular formulation
"The Korean committee proved it was a fraud."
Why not
The inspected white-paper candidate (LK-S11, physical pp. 101 and 104; publisher origin unresolved) records a strong negative evidential conclusion and the committee's inability to obtain developers' specimens. Those passages do not establish deceptive intent. A fraud allegation requires its own stated actor, conduct, evidence and documentary posture; it is not a paraphrase of a negative superconductivity assessment.
Origin of this passage
Research dossier · G. THIRD "WHY NOT?" — COMMITTEE SCOPE · lines 793–799
Artifact SHA-256: e0e50ccf500cb4b1c402ee1fbe5eee15b57daf407266b2e01534ec820a8f31cc
Attributed research text; this locator does not establish source support or standing.
Temporal bounds
The original documentary sequence begins with the Korean-journal article published 30 April 2023 and the two preprints submitted 22 July 2023. The selected independent-study sequence runs through 2023; source retrieval and the recorded readings occurred on 6–7 November 2026. Preparation on 11 November adds no new observation date to those sources.
Historical checkpoint: 16 August 2023. The selected record then includes the original article, June reference erratum, versions of the original preprints available by that date, Guo's journal metadata/abstract published 15 August, Zhu v1 of 8 August, Puphal v1 of 11 August, and the committee's 2 August formation statement. These are identified later-held representations, not proof of a contemporaneous August capture.
Dated continuation. Puphal v2 is dated 23 August; the Figure 6(a) corrigendum is dated 31 August; the Puphal journal citation is October, with its body unavailable in the pull; Zhu's inspected corrected proof carries 24 November publication and a December issue date; the committee PDF candidate carries a 13 December cover date with publisher origin unresolved. None is placed inside the earlier checkpoint.
The original inventory's March 2024 PCPOSOS pointer remains separate and unretained. No claim that all later literature lacks independent confirmation is made by this candidate. That would require a separately scoped, current search, which this preparation does not perform.
Sources
- LK-S01 — Korean-journal article (the refereed original) — Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology (Korean Association of Crystal Growth)
- LK-S02a — Erratum to the Korean-journal article (reference correction) — Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
- LK-S02b — Corrigendum to the Korean-journal article (Figure 6(a) replaced) — Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
- LK-S03 — Three-author arXiv preprint — arXiv (cond-mat.supr-con)
- LK-S04 — Six-author arXiv preprint — arXiv (cond-mat.supr-con)
- LK-S08 — Max Planck Stuttgart single-crystal study (refereed) — APL Materials (AIP Publishing)
- LK-S09 — Nature news feature (16 August 2023) — Nature (News)
- LK-S10 — Nature news (4 August 2023) — Nature (News)
- LK-S12 — APS March Meeting 2024 abstract (PCPOSOS) — American Physical Society, March Meeting 2024, Minneapolis, session A16, abstract A16.00002, 4 March 2024, 8:12–8:24
- LK-S20 — KSSC statement of 2 August 2023 (committee formation) — Korean Society of Superconductivity and Cryogenics (한국초전도저온학회)
Inspect
Research-basis references identify material in the underlying research dossier. They are not admitted Counterpedia claims, citations, or source bindings.
- Research pack
- demo-corpus-wave2
- Artifact
- lk-99-demo-corpus-dossier-v0-3
- Artifact kind
- dossier
- SHA-256
- e0e50ccf500cb4b1c402ee1fbe5eee15b57daf407266b2e01534ec820a8f31cc
- Standard
- counterpedia.lead/v0.1
- Research artifact
- demo-corpus-wave2 / lk-99-demo-corpus-dossier-v0-3
- Artifact SHA-256
- e0e50ccf500c…
- Sidecar state
- current
- Research basis
- LK-S01, LK-S02a, LK-S02b, LK-S03, LK-S04, LK-S06, LK-S07, LK-S08
Sources
22 research source candidates are carried by this entry, as authored in its research dossier. Each is a research candidate, not an admitted Counterpedia Source.
The dossier records an issuer for 18 of 22 and a date for 2; where it labels no issuer, the card says so. Addresses are shown as recorded. A recorded address is not a Counterpedia capture and does not establish retrieval, authenticity or support for any claim. A card links to a Counterpedia source page only where an accepted record relates a capture of an address recorded for that document to that public source; listing a candidate implies no other association.
Sources by recorded issuer
- Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology (Korean Association of Crystal Growth): Korean-journal article (the refereed original)
- Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology: Erratum to the Korean-journal article (reference correction); Corrigendum to the Korean-journal article (Figure 6(a) replaced)
- arXiv (cond-mat.supr-con): Three-author arXiv preprint; Six-author arXiv preprint
- arXiv: Huazhong University replication (levitation); Peking University (ferromagnetic half levitation); Investigation of the half-levitation behavior; Theory preprint widely misread as confirmation; NPL India, first synthesis report; NPL India, follow-up measurements; Jain, copper(I) sulfide phase transition; Wu et al., abnormal resistance-temperature behavior (introduction-guide reconciliation)
- APL Materials (AIP Publishing): Max Planck Stuttgart single-crystal study (refereed)
- Nature (News): Nature news feature (16 August 2023); Nature news (4 August 2023)
- American Physical Society, March Meeting 2024, Minneapolis, session A16, abstract A16.00002, 4 March 2024, 8:12–8:24: APS March Meeting 2024 abstract (PCPOSOS)
- Korean Society of Superconductivity and Cryogenics (한국초전도저온학회): KSSC statement of 2 August 2023 (committee formation)
- Issuer not labelled in the dossier: Beijing IOP (Cu₂S first-order transition); KSSC Verification Committee white paper; Authorship-dispute reporting; Wikipedia comparison surface — OPTIONAL
Select a candidate below to mark it for reading. Selection never changes the entry or its conclusions.
All 22 sources selected.
Korean-journal article (the refereed original)
- Issuer
- Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology (Korean Association of Crystal Growth)
Open: Landing
More about this source · 2 recorded addresses
- Role of this document
- refereed article in a specialist society journal; the refereed original-claim article in this selected inventory. The retained publisher record gives received 2023-03-31, accepted 2023-04-18 and published 2023-04-30. Its English abstract claims a critical temperature above 97 °C; the July preprint abstracts use at-or-above/above-400 K wording. The original body also mentions 400 K on physical p. 7. Attribute the abstract formulations to their locations; neither the nested lower bounds nor the different wording alone establishes a contradiction.
- Exact title
- Consideration for the development of room-temperature ambient-pressure superconductor (LK-99)
- Authors
- Sukbae Lee, Jihoon Kim, Sungyeon Im, SooMin An, Young-Wan Kwon, Keun Ho Auh
- DOI
- 10.6111/JKCGCT.2023.33.2.061
- Exact PDF inspected
- https://journal.kci.go.kr/jkcgct/archive/articlePdf?artiId=ART002955269
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S01- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Erratum to the Korean-journal article (reference correction)
- Issuer
- Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
Open: Landing inspected
More about this source · 2 recorded addresses
- Role of this document
- author-issued bibliographic correction: reference [44]'s journal name (J. Korean Chem. Soc. → J. Korean Ceram. Soc.). It changes no experimental content.
- Exact title
- 정오표 : 상온상압 초전도체(LK-99) 개발을 위한 고찰 (Erratum)
- Exact PDF inspected
- https://journal.kci.go.kr/jkcgct/archive/articlePdf?artiId=ART002971333
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S02a- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Corrigendum to the Korean-journal article (Figure 6(a) replaced)
- Issuer
- Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
Open: Landing inspected
More about this source · 2 recorded addresses
- Role of this document
- author-issued correction of experimental presentation: the authors state that data under calculation for analysis had been mis-inserted into Figure 6(a) (four-probe measurement of transition temperature) and replace it with the measured raw data. It is a correction, not a retraction and not a finding of fraud.
- Exact title
- 정오표 : 상온상압 초전도체(LK-99) 개발을 위한 고찰 (Corrigendum)
- Exact PDF inspected
- https://journal.kci.go.kr/jkcgct/archive/articlePdf?artiId=ART002989571
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S02b- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Three-author arXiv preprint
- Issuer
- arXiv (cond-mat.supr-con)
Open: Landing
More about this source · 2 recorded addresses
- Role of this document
- unrefereed preprint. Abstract asserts Tc ≥ 400 K, zero resistivity, critical current, critical field and the Meissner effect.
- Exact title
- The First Room-Temperature Ambient-Pressure Superconductor
- Authors
- Sukbae Lee, Ji-Hoon Kim, Young-Wan Kwon
- Exact PDF
- https://arxiv.org/pdf/2307.12008v1
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S03- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Six-author arXiv preprint
- Issuer
- arXiv (cond-mat.supr-con)
Open: Landing
More about this source · 5 recorded addresses
- Role of this document
- unrefereed preprint; submitted in parallel to APL Materials for review per contemporaneous reporting (outcome not located; VERIFY).
- Exact title
- Superconductor Pb10-xCux(PO4)6O showing levitation at room temperature and atmospheric pressure and mechanism
- Authors
- Sukbae Lee, Jihoon Kim, Hyun-Tak Kim, Sungyeon Im, SooMin An, Keun Ho Auh
- Exact PDFs inspected
- https://arxiv.org/pdf/2307.12037v1
- Exact PDFs inspected
- ;https://arxiv.org/pdf/2307.12037v2
- Exact PDFs inspected
- ;https://arxiv.org/pdf/2307.12037v3
- Local research reading
- all three PDFs andhttps://arxiv.org/abs/2307.12037v3
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S04- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Huazhong University replication (levitation)
- Issuer
- arXiv
Open: Landing
More about this source · 1 recorded address
- Role of this document
- unrefereed replication preprint; reports synthesis and magnetic levitation at room temperature with a larger levitation angle than the original sample; does not report zero resistance.
- Exact title
- Successful growth and room temperature ambient-pressure magnetic levitation of LK-99
- Authors
- Hao Wu, Li Yang, Bichen Xiao, Haixin Chang
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S05- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Peking University (ferromagnetic half levitation)
- Issuer
- arXiv
Open: Landing
More about this source · 2 recorded addresses
- Role of this document
- preprint with a refereed journal version published 15 August 2023, the earliest refereed negative study in this selected inventory. The publisher abstract reports half levitation in small fragments, attributes it to soft ferromagnetism and shape anisotropy, and reports neither a Meissner effect nor zero resistance in the studied samples. This journal state was already available at the 16 August checkpoint.
- Exact title
- Ferromagnetic half levitation of LK-99-like synthetic samples
- Authors
- Kaizhen Guo, Yuan Li, Shuang Jia
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S06- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Beijing IOP (Cu₂S first-order transition)
- Issuer
- Not labelled in the dossier.
Open: Preprint landing
More about this source · 3 recorded addresses
- Role of this document
- the August preprint is unrefereed. The later acquired journal file identifies itself as a corrected proof/article in press, carries a publication date of 24 November 2023 on physical p. 8, and has a cover plus article pages numbered 1–7. Its cover carries a December 6 issue date. The previously reported final citation, Matter 6(12), 4401–4407, remains VERIFY as the identity of a separately paginated representation; these retained bytes are not silently labeled that final version.
- Authors
- Shilin Zhu, Wei Wu, Zheng Li, Jianlin Luo
- Preprint landing
- https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.04353v1
- Preprint PDF inspected
- https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.04353v1
- Corrected-proof PDF inspected
- https://www.iop.cas.cn/xwzx/kydt/202311/P020231128650554216959.pdf
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S07- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Max Planck Stuttgart single-crystal study (refereed)
- Issuer
- APL Materials (AIP Publishing)
Open: Landing
More about this source · 2 recorded addresses
- Role of this document
- refereed article (October 2023); not the only refereed negative study (see Peking University (ferromagnetic half levitation)'s 15 August 2023 journal version, Beijing IOP (Cu₂S first-order transition)'s inspected journal proof and NPL India, follow-up measurements's reported journal version), but the one on phase-pure single crystals. Phase-pure single crystals (x ≈ 1) grown without sulfur-bearing precursors are highly insulating and optically transparent; magnetization 2–800 K shows diamagnetic response plus a small ferromagnetic component; no phase-transition anomalies; the authors rule out superconductivity in Pb₉Cu(PO₄)₆O crystals.
- Exact title
- Single crystal synthesis, structure, and magnetism of Pb10−xCux(PO4)6O
- Authors
- P. Puphal, M. Y. P. Akbar, M. Hepting, E. Goering, M. Isobe, A. A. Nugroho, B. Keimer
- DOI
- 10.1063/5.0172755
- Landing
- ;https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.06256
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S08- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Nature news feature (16 August 2023)
- Issuer
- Nature (News)
Open: Landing
More about this source · 1 recorded address
- Role of this document
- journalism in a scientific journal's news section; synthesizes Peking University (ferromagnetic half levitation), Beijing IOP (Cu₂S first-order transition), Max Planck Stuttgart single-crystal study (refereed) and related preprints; records that the developers did not respond to a request for comment.
- Exact title
- LK-99 isn't a superconductor — how science sleuths solved the mystery
- Author
- Dan Garisto
- DOI
- 10.1038/d41586-023-02585-7
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S09- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Nature news (4 August 2023)
- Issuer
- Nature (News)
- Date
- 4 August 2023 — VERIFY DOI and locator
More about this source
- Role of this document
- journalism; the earlier status report before the explanations consolidated.
- Exact title
- Claimed superconductor LK-99 is an online sensation — but replication efforts fall short
- Author
- Dan Garisto
- Date
- 4 August 2023 — VERIFY DOI and locator
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S10- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
KSSC Verification Committee white paper
- Issuer
- Not labelled in the dossier.
Open: Contemporaneous reporting locators
More about this source · 2 recorded addresses
- Role of this document
- readable candidate copy of the professional-society committee report, with the cover identity internally consistent with the expected title/date/committee. Publisher-origin confirmation remains VERIFY. The filename's v1.1 is not an authenticated edition designation. The initial HTTP-200 Dropbox HTML shell and the subsequent PDF are different retained bodies; the shell is not the report.
- Contemporaneous reporting locators
- https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/tech/2023/12/133_365012.html
- Contemporaneous reporting locators
- ;https://www.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2023121309593448526
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S11- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
APS March Meeting 2024 abstract (PCPOSOS)
- Issuer
- American Physical Society, March Meeting 2024, Minneapolis, session A16, abstract A16.00002, 4 March 2024, 8:12–8:24
Open: Landing
More about this source · 2 recorded addresses
- Role of this document
- conference abstract and talk. The abstract names a sulfur-containing nominal composition, five authors, and cites the six-author LK-99 preprint (Six-author arXiv preprint); it promises videos. What was physically shown in the talk is known only from reporting (which describes no sample presented); attribute that to the report, not the abstract. No peer-reviewed publication located as of the research date (VERIFY before publication).
- Exact title
- Partial levitation, type-II-superconductor characteristic, at room temperature and atmospheric pressure in PCPOSOS
- Authors
- Hyun-Tak Kim (William & Mary); Sukbae Lee, Sungyeon Im, SooMin An, Keun Ho Auh (QERC)
- Landing
- (APS abstract archive, per a parallel review; confirm at capture); contemporaneous reporthttps://www.koreajoongangdaily.com/news/2024-03-05/business/tech/Korean-scientists-behind-bogus-superconductor-declare-success-again/1994766
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S12- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Authorship-dispute reporting
- Issuer
- Not labelled in the dossier.
Open: Landing
More about this source · 1 recorded address
- Role of this document
- campus journalism reporting Hyun-Tak Kim's account that the three-author preprint was submitted without the other authors' permission. It is his account as reported, not an independently established finding; a contemporaneous English account, not necessarily the only one.
- Exact title
- The Flat Hat (College of William & Mary student newspaper), Daniel Kalish, "W&M physics professors involved in groundbreaking superconductor research", 8 August 2023 (per a parallel review; confirm at capture)
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S13- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Investigation of the half-levitation behavior
- Issuer
- arXiv
Open: Landing
More about this source · 1 recorded address
- Role of this document
- unrefereed preprint distinguishing ferromagnetic from diamagnetic levitation behavior.
- Exact title
- Investigation into the nature behind the interesting half levitation behavior of claimed superconductor LK-99
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S14- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Theory preprint widely misread as confirmation
- Issuer
- arXiv
Open: Landing
More about this source · 1 recorded address
- Role of this document
- DFT calculation on an assumed structure; not an experimental confirmation.
- Exact title
- Origin of correlated isolated flat bands in copper-substituted lead phosphate apatite
- Author
- Sinéad M. Griffin (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S15- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
NPL India, first synthesis report
- Issuer
- arXiv
Open: Landing
More about this source · 1 recorded address
- Role of this document
- unrefereed preprint; the earliest located independent synthesis report. Reports X-ray structural characterization of a 925 °C-synthesized sample and a sample sitting on a magnet at room temperature; does not report bulk room-temperature superconductivity in its sample. Its reference list cites Korean-journal article (the refereed original) (the refereed original), Three-author arXiv preprint and Six-author arXiv preprint.
- Exact title
- Synthesis of possible room temperature superconductor LK-99: Pb9Cu(PO4)6O
- Authors
- Kapil Kumar, N. K. Karn, V. P. S. Awana (CSIR National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi)
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S17- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
NPL India, follow-up measurements
- Issuer
- arXiv
Open: Landing
More about this source · 1 recorded address
- Role of this document
- preprint at the August 2023 dates, with a reported refereed version in October 2023; reports no room-temperature superconductivity in the group's samples (SQUID magnetization diamagnetic at 280 K; sample highly resistive). Together with NPL India, first synthesis report this is one laboratory's successive work: two documents, one replication team.
- Exact title
- Absence of superconductivity in LK-99 at ambient conditions
- Authors
- Kapil Kumar, N. K. Karn, Yogesh Kumar, V. P. S. Awana
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S18- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Jain, copper(I) sulfide phase transition
- Issuer
- arXiv
Open: Landing
More about this source · 1 recorded address
- Role of this document
- unrefereed analysis preprint, not a new synthesis or measurement. Identifies the known solid–solid transition of bulk Cu₂S at 104 °C (about 377 K) from the ordered low-temperature phase to the high-temperature superionic phase, compares digitized resistivity curves of LK-99 (from the developers' report, which places a jump at 104.8 °C) and of bulk copper(I) sulfide, and notes a λ-shaped heat-capacity feature consistent with that transition. Concludes that validation of LK-99 would require copper(I) sulfide-free samples.
- Exact title
- v1 Phase transition of copper(I) sulfide and its implication for purported superconductivity of LK-99; v2 Superionic phase transition of copper(I) sulfide and its implication for purported superconductivity of LK-99 (VERIFY the version-to-title mapping at capture)
- Author
- Prashant K. Jain (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign)
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S19- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
KSSC statement of 2 August 2023 (committee formation)
- Issuer
- Korean Society of Superconductivity and Cryogenics (한국초전도저온학회)
- Date
- 2 August 2023
Open: Exact PDF inspected
More about this source · 1 recorded address
- Role of this document
- the society's formation statement, issued before completed verification. On the basis of the two preprints and public video, it did not regard the material as established to be a room-temperature superconductor at that stage; it announced scientific review, cross-measurement if specimens were supplied and ongoing reproduction efforts. It is distinct from the December conclusion carried in KSSC Verification Committee white paper, whose candidate origin remains unresolved.
- Date
- 2 August 2023
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S20- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Wu et al., abnormal resistance-temperature behavior (introduction-guide reconciliation)
- Issuer
- arXiv
Open: Landing
More about this source · 1 recorded address
- Role of this document
- unrefereed preprint, carried here because lib/counterpedia/introduction/editorial.ts already lists it as one of four LK-99 sources with the limit "The tested sample's resistance did not reach zero. An anomaly is not proof of the original superconductivity claim." This dossier does not re-derive its content; its primary page was not read in this revision. The reconciliation item is to read the exact version and either carry it with its own May-support and Cannot-establish lists or record why the guide's treatment is not imported.
- Exact title
- Observation of abnormal resistance-temperature behavior along with diamagnetic transition (title as carried in the repository's introduction guide; VERIFY against the arXiv listing)
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S21- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
Wikipedia comparison surface — OPTIONAL
- Issuer
- Not labelled in the dossier.
Open: Landing
More about this source · 1 recorded address
- Role of this document
- tertiary; useful only for comparing how a general encyclopedia compresses the time series. Not a source for any claim.
Technical details
- Research handle in the dossier
LK-S16- Research notes
- Dossier notes on this source (opens in a new tab)
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| Detail | Korean-journal article (the refereed original) | Erratum to the Korean-journal article (reference correction) | Corrigendum to the Korean-journal article (Figure 6(a) replaced) | Three-author arXiv preprint | Six-author arXiv preprint | Huazhong University replication (levitation) | Peking University (ferromagnetic half levitation) | Beijing IOP (Cu₂S first-order transition) | Max Planck Stuttgart single-crystal study (refereed) | Nature news feature (16 August 2023) | Nature news (4 August 2023) | KSSC Verification Committee white paper | APS March Meeting 2024 abstract (PCPOSOS) | Authorship-dispute reporting | Investigation of the half-levitation behavior | Theory preprint widely misread as confirmation | NPL India, first synthesis report | NPL India, follow-up measurements | Jain, copper(I) sulfide phase transition | KSSC statement of 2 August 2023 (committee formation) | Wu et al., abnormal resistance-temperature behavior (introduction-guide reconciliation) | Wikipedia comparison surface — OPTIONAL |
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All 22 sources selected.